About and Credits

How the pages are made

Each chapter is read in Greek or in Latin, with a second language beside it if the reader chooses. The Greek is the Nestle 1904 edition, the Latin is the Clementine Vulgate of 1592, and the English is the Douay-Rheims, which was translated from the Vulgate, given in modern wording. The meanings and grammar of the Greek words come from the MACULA Greek datasets and the Dodson Greek Lexicon. The meanings and grammar of the Latin words come from the PROIEL Treebank and from William Whitaker's WORDS.

The PROIEL Treebank analyzes an older edition of the Vulgate, so its analyses were matched to the words of the Clementine text, and the words that differ were given the analysis that the treebank uses for the same form elsewhere, or were analyzed by hand. The short English gloss under a Latin word is taken, in modern wording, from the words of the Douay-Rheims that translate it, matched word by word and checked by hand. Words that stand for nothing in the Latin, such as "the" and "a", are given in parentheses. Where no Douay-Rheims word corresponds, the gloss comes from the matching Greek word or from WORDS. The notes on the Greek were written for this edition.

The Greek audio is a reading of the Westcott and Hort text, which differs from the Nestle 1904 text in a few words.

Texts

Nestle 1904 Greek New Testament

Edited by Eberhard Nestle, British and Foreign Bible Society, 1904. Transcription by Diego Santos, morphology by Ulrik Sandborg-Petersen, markup by Jonathan Robie. Public domain. github.com/biblicalhumanities/Nestle1904

Clementine Vulgate (1592)

The Latin text of the Clementine Text Project, from the edition used by the vul reader. Public domain. vulsearch.sourceforge.net

Douay-Rheims Bible

The Douay-Rheims American Edition of 1899 (Challoner revision), from eBible.org, in modern wording: archaic words and forms (thou, saith, cometh, unto) are given in their modern equivalents, and old word order has been revised by hand where it obscures the sense. The older forms of names are given in their usual modern forms (Elijah for Elias, Isaiah for Isaias). Public domain. ebible.org

Chapter summaries of Bishop Richard Challoner

The short sentences in italics above the paragraphs are taken word for word from the summaries printed at the head of each chapter of the Douay-Rheims, each placed above the paragraph it describes. Public domain. gutenberg.org/ebooks/8300

The Psalms

Swete's Septuagint, with Morpheus analysis

The Greek of the Psalms from Henry Barclay Swete, The Old Testament in Greek (Cambridge, 1909), in the First1KGreek transcription, with lemmas and grammar from the Morpheus analyzer, as prepared by the QuantForgeSoftware/lxx project. Where the transcription numbers or divides the verses differently, they have been paired with the Latin verses; a few verses missing from the transcription are marked with a note. Where a Greek word of the Psalms has the same form as a word of the New Testament, it takes the analysis and the English gloss of that word in the MACULA data (checked by hand for the New Testament). Other glosses come from Brenton's English translation of the Septuagint (1851, public domain), matched word by word, or from the dictionary. The personal pronouns are glossed from their own grammar, and the remaining forms are being corrected by hand. Psalm 22 has been checked by hand throughout, and a line missing from the transcription (22:5) has been supplied. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0; the Greek data of the Psalms on this site is shared under the same license. github.com/QuantForgeSoftware/lxx

Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English Lexicon

Definitions of the Greek words of the Psalms that are not in the Dodson lexicon, from the Perseus Digital Library. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. github.com/PerseusDL/lexica

The Latin and English Psalms

The Latin is the Gallican Psalter of the Clementine Vulgate, and the English is the Douay-Rheims, as for the Gospels. The Latin grammar comes from the Gospel analyses and from the Latin forms of Wiktionary (via kaikki.org, CC BY-SA), checked by hand. The sentence above each Psalm and its Latin opening words are from Bishop Challoner's summaries. Public domain, except the Wiktionary data (CC BY-SA).

Word data

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets

Greek lemmas, morphology and English glosses. MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/. © 2022–2024 Biblica, Inc. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. The English glosses come from the Berean Interlinear Bible (public domain).

Dodson Greek Lexicon

Definitions of the Greek words, by John Jeffrey Dodson. Public domain (CC0). github.com/biblicalhumanities/Dodson-Greek-Lexicon

PROIEL Treebank

Lemmas and morphology of the Latin words, and the links between the Latin and Greek words. Dag T. T. Haug and Marius L. Jøhndal, PROIEL Treebank, University of Oslo. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0. The Latin word data on this site is derived from it and is shared under the same license, for non-commercial use. github.com/proiel/proiel-treebank

William Whitaker's WORDS

Definitions of the Latin words, by Colonel William Whitaker (1936–2010). Freely given for any use. github.com/mk270/whitakers-words

Audio

Audio Greek New Testament

Read by Marilyn Phemister, © 2001, streamed from the Internet Archive. Free for non-commercial use with credit (CC BY-NC 3.0). archive.org

The Latin read aloud

The Latin is read by the Italian voice of the reader's own computer, tablet or phone. Before it is read, the Clementine text is respelled so that an Italian voice gives the church pronunciation (for example ae as e, ti before a vowel as tsi, and h in mihi and nihil as k), and the stressed vowel of every longer word is marked. No recording is stored on this site.

Wiktionary (Latin entries)

The lengths of the Latin vowels, from which the stressed syllable of each word is found, and the grammar of the few Latin forms of the Gospels that the PROIEL analyses do not cover, taken from Wiktionary through the kaikki.org extraction. Licensed under CC BY-SA. kaikki.org/dictionary/Latin

Fonts

Libre Caslon and Gentium Book Plus

From Google Fonts. SIL Open Font License.

Studium Institute is free and non-commercial.